import java.text.* /** * Some functions to help generate GCode directly (rather than via a slicer). * NOTE. Bad GCode can damage your printer (including setting it on fire). * So never use DirectGCode scripts from untrusted sources. * Only run DirectGCode scripts that you completely trust with your life! * */ class DirectHelper { // If moveTo or lineTo got beyond these limits, the values // an exception is thrown. // This one way to prevent damage to your printer. // NOTE. there are other ways that direct gcode can damage your printer! static var maxLimit = Vector3( 230, 230, 300 ) static var minLimit = Vector3(0,0,0) static var offset = Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) // Keep track of the current position // As used by lineTo() etc. // NOTE, if you add G1 commands manually, then you must update position // before calling lineTo etc. static var position = Vector3(0,0,0) static var totalE = 0.0 // The running total of extrusions from lineTo() // Should X Y Z values use relative values? static var isRelative = false // Should E values (of the G1 command) use relative values? static var isRelativeE = true // NOTE, the values should be set during the initialisation, // and are usually left unchanged for the rest of the print. // How much to extrude (as the E parameter of the G1 command), when // moving the head by 1mm. // This is based on the nozzle size and layer height, as well as any // adjustment for over/under extrusion. static var ePerMM = 1.0 static var formatter : NumberFormat = DecimalFormat("0.#####") func format( value : double ) = formatter.format( value ) // Throws an Exception if the point is outside of the limits of minLimit .. maxLimit func checkPoint( x : double, y : double ) { if (x= maxLimit.x || y >= maxLimit.y ) { throw Exception( "$x $y is outside the limits : $minLimit .. $maxLimit" ) } } func checkPoint( x : double, y : double, z : double ) { checkPoint( x, y ) if (z= maxLimit.z ) { throw Exception( "$x $y $z is outside the limits : $minLimit .. $maxLimit" ) } } // amount is a relative value, but the final gcode E parameter will be relative/absolte // based on isRelativeE func extrusion( amount : double ) : String { totalE += amount return if (isRelativeE) { "E${format(amount)}" } else { "E${format(totalE)}" } } // x and y are absolute values, but the final X and Y parameters will be relative/absolute // based in isRelative func movement( x : double, y : double ) : String { if (isRelative) { val dx = x - position.x val dy = y - position.y position = Vector3( x, y, position.z ) return "X${format(dx)} Y${format(dy)}" } else { position = Vector3( x, y, position. z ) return "X${format(x)} Y${format(y)}" } } // x,y and z are absolute values, but the final X Y Z parameters will be relative/absolute // based in isRelative func movement( x : double, y : double, z : double ) : String { if (isRelative) { val dx = x - position.x val dy = y - position.y val dz = z - position.z position = Vector3( x, y, z ) return "X${format(dx)} Y${format(dy)} Z${format(dz)}" } else { position = Vector3( x, y, z ) return "X${format(x)} Y${format(y)} Z${format(z)}" } } func moveTo( to : Vector2 ) { moveTo( to.x, to.y ) } func moveTo( x : double, y : double ) { val offsetX = x + offset.x val offsetY = y + offset.y if ( offsetX != position.x || offsetY != position.y ) { checkPoint( offsetX, offsetY ) println( "G1 ${movement( offsetX, offsetY )}" ) } } func moveTo( to : Vector3 ) { moveTo( to.x, to.y, to.z ) } func moveTo( x : double, y : double, z : double ) { val offsetX = x + offset.x val offsetY = y + offset.y val offsetZ = z + offset.z println( "moveTo $offsetX, $offsetY, $offsetZ" ) if ( offsetX != position.x || offsetY != position.y || offsetZ != position.z ) { checkPoint( offsetX, offsetY, offsetZ ) println( "G1 ${movement( offsetX, offsetY, offsetZ )}" ) } } func nextLayer( dz : double ) { println( "; nextLayer by $dz" ) moveTo( position.x - offset.x, position.y - offset.y, position.z - offset.z + dz ) } func lineTo( to : Vector2 ) { lineTo( to.x, to.y ) } func lineTo( x : double, y : double ) { val offsetX = x + offset.x val offsetY = y + offset.y if ( offsetX != position.x || offsetY != position.y ) { checkPoint( offsetX, offsetY ) val dx = offsetX - position.x val dy = offsetY - position.y val dist = Math.sqrt( dx*dx + dy*dy ) val e = dist * ePerMM println( "G1 ${movement(offsetX, offsetY)} ${extrusion(e)}" ) } } func outlines( shape: Shape2d, count : int, nozzleSize : double ) { for ( i in 0 until count ) { outline( shape, - nozzleSize * (i + 0.5) ) } } // Draw the outline of the 2d shape. Note the thickness of the line is NOT // taken into account. (The head follows the line of the shape, so the filament // straddles the outside and inside by the same amount. func outline( shape : Shape2d ) { for ( path in shape.paths ) { var isFirst = true for (point in path.points) { if (isFirst) { moveTo( point ) isFirst = false } else { lineTo( point ) } } lineTo( path.points[0] ) } } func outline( shape : Shape2d, offset : double) { for ( unadjustedPath in shape.paths ) { val path = unadjustedPath.offset( offset ) var isFirst = true for (point in path.points) { if (isFirst) { moveTo( point ) isFirst = false } else { lineTo( point ) } } lineTo( path.points[0] ) } } func extrusionRate( filamentDiameter : double, nozzleSize : double, layerHeight : double ) : double { val lineVolumePerMM = nozzleSize * layerHeight val extrusionVolumePerMM = Math.PI*filamentDiameter return lineVolumePerMM / extrusionVolumePerMM } func start( bedTemp : int, filamentTemp : int ) { print( """ ; BEGIN DirectHelper.start($bedTemp,$filamentTemp) G90 ; use absolute coordinates M83 ; extruder relative mode ; M900 W[extrusion_width] H[layer_height] D[filament_diameter] M200 D0 ; disable volumetric e M220 S100 ; reset speed factor to 100% M221 S100 ; reset extrusion rate to 100% ; Set the heating M140 S${bedTemp}; Start bed heating, but don't wait M104 S${filamentTemp}; start nozzle heating but don't wait ; Home G1 Z3 F3000 ; move z up little to prevent scratching of surface G28 ; home all axes G1 X3 Y3 F5000 ; move to corner of the bed to avoid ooze over centre ; Wait for final heating M109 S${bedTemp} ; wait for the nozzle to heat up M190 S${filamentTemp} ; wait for the bed to heat up ; Return to prime position, Prime line routine G92 E0 ; Reset Extruder G1 Z3 F3000 ; move z up little to prevent scratching of surface G1 X10 Y.5 Z0.25 F5000.0 ; Move to start position G1 X100 Y.5 Z0.25 F1500.0 E15 ; Draw the first line G1 X100 Y.2 Z0.25 F5000.0 ; Move to side a little G1 X10 Y.2 Z0.25 F1500.0 E30 ; Draw the second line G92 E0 ; Reset Extruder ; END DirectHelper.start($bedTemp,$filamentTemp) """ ) position = Vector3(10, 0.2, 0.25) // Same as the G1 above. isRelative = false // We used G90 above. isRelativeE = true // We use M83 above. } func end() { print( """ ; BEGIN end() G4 ; wait G92 E0 ; prepare to retract G1 E-0.5 F3000; retract to avoid stringing ; Anti-stringing end wiggle G91 ; use relative coordinates G1 X1 Y1 F1200 ; Raise nozzle and present bed G1 Z120 ; Move print head up G90 ; use absolute coordinates ; Reset print setting overrides M200 D0 ; disable volumetric e M220 S100 ; reset speed factor to 100% M221 S100 ; reset extrusion rate to 100% ; Shut down printer M106 S0 ; turn-off fan M104 S0 ; turn-off hotend M140 S0 ; turn-off bed M150 P0 ; turn off led M85 S0 ; deactivate idle timeout M84 ; disable motors END end() """ ) } }